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Java Dizesi karşılaştırma()

Java String sınıfı CompareTo() yöntem, verilen dizeyi geçerli dizeyle sözlükbilimsel olarak karşılaştırır. Pozitif bir sayı, negatif bir sayı veya 0 döndürür.

Dizelerdeki her karakterin Unicode değerini temel alarak dizeleri karşılaştırır.

İlk dize sözlükbilimsel olarak ikinci dizeden büyükse, pozitif bir sayı (karakter değeri farkı) döndürür. Eğer ilk dize sözlükbilimsel olarak ikinci dizeden küçükse negatif bir sayı döndürür, eğer ilk dize sözlükbilimsel olarak ikinci dizeye eşitse 0 döndürür.

 if s1 &gt; s2, it returns positive number if s1 <s2, 0 it returns negative number if s1="=" s2, < pre> <h3>Syntax</h3> <pre> public int compareTo(String anotherString) </pre> <p>The method accepts a parameter of type String that is to be compared with the current string.</p> <p>It returns an integer value. It throws the following two exceptions:</p> <p> <strong>ClassCastException:</strong> If this object cannot get compared with the specified object.</p> <p> <strong>NullPointerException:</strong> If the specified object is null.</p> <h2>Internal implementation</h2> <pre> int compareTo(String anotherString) { int length1 = value.length; int length2 = anotherString.value.length; int limit = Math.min(length1, length2); char v1[] = value; char v2[] = anotherString.value; int i = 0; while (i <limit) { char ch1="v1[i];" ch2="v2[i];" if (ch1 !="ch2)" return - ch2; } i++; length1 length2; < pre> <h2>Java String compareTo() Method Example</h2> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ String s1=&apos;hello&apos;; String s2=&apos;hello&apos;; String s3=&apos;meklo&apos;; String s4=&apos;hemlo&apos;; String s5=&apos;flag&apos;; System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s2));//0 because both are equal System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s3));//-5 because &apos;h&apos; is 5 times lower than &apos;m&apos; System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s4));//-1 because &apos;l&apos; is 1 times lower than &apos;m&apos; System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s5));//2 because &apos;h&apos; is 2 times greater than &apos;f&apos; }} </pre> <span> Test it Now </span> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> 0 -5 -1 2 </pre> <h2>Java String compareTo(): empty string</h2> <p>When we compare two strings in which either first or second string is empty, the method returns the length of the string. So, there may be two scenarios:</p> <ul> <li>If <strong>first</strong> string is an empty string, the method returns a <strong>negative</strong> </li> <li>If <strong>second</strong> string is an empty string, the method returns a <strong>positive</strong> number that is the length of the first string.</li> </ul> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample2.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample2{ public static void main(String args[]){ String s1=&apos;hello&apos;; String s2=&apos;&apos;; String s3=&apos;me&apos;; System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s2)); System.out.println(s2.compareTo(s3)); }} </pre> <span> Test it Now </span> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> 5 -2 </pre> <h3>Java String compareTo(): case sensitive</h3> <p>To check whether the compareTo() method considers the case sensitiveness of characters or not, we will make the comparison between two strings that contain the same letters in the same sequence.</p> <p>Suppose, a string having letters in uppercase, and the second string having the letters in lowercase. On comparing these two string, if the outcome is 0, then the compareTo() method does not consider the case sensitiveness of characters; otherwise, the method considers the case sensitiveness of characters.</p> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample3.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample3 { // main method public static void main(String argvs[]) { // input string in uppercase String st1 = new String(&apos;INDIA IS MY COUNTRY&apos;); // input string in lowercase String st2 = new String(&apos;india is my country&apos;); System.out.println(st1.compareTo(st2)); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> -32 </pre> <p> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> It is obvious by looking at the output that the outcome is not equal to zero. Hence, the compareTo() method takes care of the case sensitiveness of characters.</p> <h3>Java String compareTo(): ClassCastException</h3> <p>The <strong>ClassCastException</strong> is thrown when objects of incompatible types get compared. In the following example, we are comparing an object of the ArrayList (al) with a string literal (&apos;Sehwag&apos;).</p> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample4.java</p> <pre> // import statement import java.util.*; class Players { private String name; // constructor of the class public Players(String str) { name = str; } } public class CompareToExample4 { // main method public static void main(String[] args) { Players ronaldo = new Players(&apos;Ronaldo&apos;); Players sachin = new Players(&apos;Sachin&apos;); Players messi = new Players(&apos;Messi&apos;); ArrayList al = new ArrayList(); al.add(ronaldo); al.add(sachin); al.add(messi); // performing binary search on the list al Collections.binarySearch(al, &apos;Sehwag&apos;, null); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Exception in thread &apos;main&apos; java.lang.ClassCastException: class Players cannot be cast to class java.lang.Comparable </pre> <h3>Java String compareTo(): NullPointerException</h3> <p>The NullPointerException is thrown when a null object invokes the compareTo() method. Observe the following example.</p> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample5.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample5 { // main method public static void main(String[] args) { String str = null; // null is invoking the compareTo method. Hence, the NullPointerException // will be raised int no = str.compareTo(&apos;India is my country.&apos;); System.out.println(no); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Exception in thread &apos;main&apos; java.lang.NullPointerException at CompareToExample5.main(CompareToExample5.java:9) </pre> <hr></limit)></pre></s2,>

Yöntem, geçerli dizeyle karşılaştırılacak olan String türünde bir parametreyi kabul eder.

Bir tamsayı değeri döndürür. Aşağıdaki iki istisnayı atar:

ClassCastException: Bu nesne belirtilen nesneyle karşılaştırılamıyorsa.

NullPointerException: Belirtilen nesne null ise.

her zaman verilog

Dahili uygulama

 int compareTo(String anotherString) { int length1 = value.length; int length2 = anotherString.value.length; int limit = Math.min(length1, length2); char v1[] = value; char v2[] = anotherString.value; int i = 0; while (i <limit) { char ch1="v1[i];" ch2="v2[i];" if (ch1 !="ch2)" return - ch2; } i++; length1 length2; < pre> <h2>Java String compareTo() Method Example</h2> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ String s1=&apos;hello&apos;; String s2=&apos;hello&apos;; String s3=&apos;meklo&apos;; String s4=&apos;hemlo&apos;; String s5=&apos;flag&apos;; System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s2));//0 because both are equal System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s3));//-5 because &apos;h&apos; is 5 times lower than &apos;m&apos; System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s4));//-1 because &apos;l&apos; is 1 times lower than &apos;m&apos; System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s5));//2 because &apos;h&apos; is 2 times greater than &apos;f&apos; }} </pre> <span> Test it Now </span> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> 0 -5 -1 2 </pre> <h2>Java String compareTo(): empty string</h2> <p>When we compare two strings in which either first or second string is empty, the method returns the length of the string. So, there may be two scenarios:</p> <ul> <li>If <strong>first</strong> string is an empty string, the method returns a <strong>negative</strong> </li> <li>If <strong>second</strong> string is an empty string, the method returns a <strong>positive</strong> number that is the length of the first string.</li> </ul> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample2.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample2{ public static void main(String args[]){ String s1=&apos;hello&apos;; String s2=&apos;&apos;; String s3=&apos;me&apos;; System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s2)); System.out.println(s2.compareTo(s3)); }} </pre> <span> Test it Now </span> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> 5 -2 </pre> <h3>Java String compareTo(): case sensitive</h3> <p>To check whether the compareTo() method considers the case sensitiveness of characters or not, we will make the comparison between two strings that contain the same letters in the same sequence.</p> <p>Suppose, a string having letters in uppercase, and the second string having the letters in lowercase. On comparing these two string, if the outcome is 0, then the compareTo() method does not consider the case sensitiveness of characters; otherwise, the method considers the case sensitiveness of characters.</p> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample3.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample3 { // main method public static void main(String argvs[]) { // input string in uppercase String st1 = new String(&apos;INDIA IS MY COUNTRY&apos;); // input string in lowercase String st2 = new String(&apos;india is my country&apos;); System.out.println(st1.compareTo(st2)); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> -32 </pre> <p> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> It is obvious by looking at the output that the outcome is not equal to zero. Hence, the compareTo() method takes care of the case sensitiveness of characters.</p> <h3>Java String compareTo(): ClassCastException</h3> <p>The <strong>ClassCastException</strong> is thrown when objects of incompatible types get compared. In the following example, we are comparing an object of the ArrayList (al) with a string literal (&apos;Sehwag&apos;).</p> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample4.java</p> <pre> // import statement import java.util.*; class Players { private String name; // constructor of the class public Players(String str) { name = str; } } public class CompareToExample4 { // main method public static void main(String[] args) { Players ronaldo = new Players(&apos;Ronaldo&apos;); Players sachin = new Players(&apos;Sachin&apos;); Players messi = new Players(&apos;Messi&apos;); ArrayList al = new ArrayList(); al.add(ronaldo); al.add(sachin); al.add(messi); // performing binary search on the list al Collections.binarySearch(al, &apos;Sehwag&apos;, null); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Exception in thread &apos;main&apos; java.lang.ClassCastException: class Players cannot be cast to class java.lang.Comparable </pre> <h3>Java String compareTo(): NullPointerException</h3> <p>The NullPointerException is thrown when a null object invokes the compareTo() method. Observe the following example.</p> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample5.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample5 { // main method public static void main(String[] args) { String str = null; // null is invoking the compareTo method. Hence, the NullPointerException // will be raised int no = str.compareTo(&apos;India is my country.&apos;); System.out.println(no); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Exception in thread &apos;main&apos; java.lang.NullPointerException at CompareToExample5.main(CompareToExample5.java:9) </pre> <hr></limit)>
Şimdi Test Edin

Çıktı:

 0 -5 -1 2 

Java String CompareTo(): ​​boş dize

Birinci veya ikinci dizenin boş olduğu iki dizeyi karşılaştırdığımızda yöntem, dizenin uzunluğunu döndürür. Yani iki senaryo olabilir:

  • Eğer Birinci string boş bir string, yöntem bir değer döndürüyor olumsuz
  • Eğer ikinci string boş bir string, yöntem bir değer döndürüyor pozitif ilk dizenin uzunluğu olan sayı.

Dosya adı: Örnek2.java ile Karşılaştır

 public class CompareToExample2{ public static void main(String args[]){ String s1=&apos;hello&apos;; String s2=&apos;&apos;; String s3=&apos;me&apos;; System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s2)); System.out.println(s2.compareTo(s3)); }} 
Şimdi Test Edin

Çıktı:

 5 -2 

Java String CompareTo(): ​​büyük/küçük harfe duyarlı

CompareTo() yönteminin karakterlerin büyük/küçük harf duyarlılığını dikkate alıp almadığını kontrol etmek için aynı sırayla aynı harfleri içeren iki dize arasında karşılaştırma yapacağız.

Harflerin büyük harflerle yazıldığı bir dize ve harflerin küçük harflerle yazıldığı ikinci dize olduğunu varsayalım. Bu iki dizeyi karşılaştırırken sonuç 0 olursa, CompareTo() yöntemi karakterlerin büyük/küçük harf duyarlılığını dikkate almaz; aksi takdirde yöntem, karakterlerin büyük/küçük harf duyarlılığını dikkate alır.

Dosya adı: Örnek3.java ile Karşılaştır

 public class CompareToExample3 { // main method public static void main(String argvs[]) { // input string in uppercase String st1 = new String(&apos;INDIA IS MY COUNTRY&apos;); // input string in lowercase String st2 = new String(&apos;india is my country&apos;); System.out.println(st1.compareTo(st2)); } } 

Çıktı:

 -32 

Çözüm: Çıktıya bakıldığında sonucun sıfıra eşit olmadığı açıktır. Bu nedenle, CompareTo() yöntemi karakterlerin büyük/küçük harf duyarlılığına dikkat eder.

Java String CompareTo(): ​​ClassCastException

ClassCastException Uyumsuz türdeki nesneler karşılaştırıldığında atılır. Aşağıdaki örnekte, ArrayList'in (al) bir nesnesini bir dize değişmez değeriyle ('Sehwag') karşılaştırıyoruz.

Java ve salıncak

Dosya adı: Örnek4.java ile Karşılaştır

 // import statement import java.util.*; class Players { private String name; // constructor of the class public Players(String str) { name = str; } } public class CompareToExample4 { // main method public static void main(String[] args) { Players ronaldo = new Players(&apos;Ronaldo&apos;); Players sachin = new Players(&apos;Sachin&apos;); Players messi = new Players(&apos;Messi&apos;); ArrayList al = new ArrayList(); al.add(ronaldo); al.add(sachin); al.add(messi); // performing binary search on the list al Collections.binarySearch(al, &apos;Sehwag&apos;, null); } } 

Çıktı:

 Exception in thread &apos;main&apos; java.lang.ClassCastException: class Players cannot be cast to class java.lang.Comparable 

Java String CompareTo(): ​​NullPointerException

Boş bir nesne, CompareTo() yöntemini çağırdığında NullPointerException oluşturulur. Aşağıdaki örneği inceleyin.

Dosya adı: Örnek5.java ile Karşılaştırın

 public class CompareToExample5 { // main method public static void main(String[] args) { String str = null; // null is invoking the compareTo method. Hence, the NullPointerException // will be raised int no = str.compareTo(&apos;India is my country.&apos;); System.out.println(no); } } 

Çıktı:

 Exception in thread &apos;main&apos; java.lang.NullPointerException at CompareToExample5.main(CompareToExample5.java:9)