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Dizedeki karakterlerin çıkarılması veya karıştırılmasıyla oluşturulan en uzun palindromu bulun

Bir dize verildiğinde, dizedeki karakterlerin çıkarılması veya karıştırılmasıyla oluşturulabilecek en uzun palindromu bulun. En uzun uzunlukta birden fazla palindrom dizisi varsa yalnızca bir palindrom döndürün.

Örnekler: 



  Input:    abc   Output:   a OR b OR c   Input:    aabbcc   Output:   abccba OR baccab OR cbaabc OR any other palindromic string of length 6.   Input:    abbaccd   Output:   abcdcba OR ...   Input:    aba   Output:   aba

Herhangi bir palindromik diziyi üç parçaya bölebiliriz; orta ve son. Tek uzunluktaki palindromik dize için, diyelim ki 2n + 1 'beg', dizenin ilk n karakterinden oluşur, 'mid' yalnızca 1 karakterden oluşur, yani (n + 1). karakterden oluşur ve 'end', palindromik dizenin son n karakterinden oluşur. Çift uzunluktaki 2n palindromik dizi için 'orta' her zaman boş olacaktır. String'in palindrom olabilmesi için 'end'in 'beg'in tersi olacağına dikkat edilmelidir.

java dizesi ekle

Buradaki fikir, çözümümüzde yukarıdaki gözlemi kullanmaktır. Karakterlerin karıştırılmasına izin verildiğinden, giriş dizesinde karakterlerin sırası önemli değildir. İlk önce giriş dizesindeki her karakterin sıklığını alıyoruz. Bu durumda, giriş dizesinde çift sayıda bulunan tüm karakterler (diyelim ki 2n) çıktı dizesinin bir parçası olacaktır, çünkü n karakteri 'beg' dizesine ve diğer n karakteri 'end' dizesine (palindromik sırayı koruyarak) kolayca yerleştirebiliriz. Tek oluşumlu karakterler için (örneğin 2n + 1) 'mid'i bu tür karakterlerden biriyle doldururuz. ve kalan 2n karakter ikiye bölünerek başına ve sonuna eklenir.

Ağ mimarisi

Aşağıda yukarıdaki fikrin uygulanması yer almaktadır 



C++
// C++ program to find the longest palindrome by removing // or shuffling characters from the given string #include    using namespace std; // Function to find the longest palindrome by removing // or shuffling characters from the given string string findLongestPalindrome(string str) {  // to stores freq of characters in a string  int count[256] = { 0 };  // find freq of characters in the input string  for (int i = 0; i < str.size(); i++)  count[str[i]]++;  // Any palindromic string consists of three parts  // beg + mid + end  string beg = '' mid = '' end = '';  // solution assumes only lowercase characters are  // present in string. We can easily extend this  // to consider any set of characters  for (char ch = 'a'; ch <= 'z'; ch++)  {  // if the current character freq is odd  if (count[ch] & 1)  {  // mid will contain only 1 character. It  // will be overridden with next character  // with odd freq  mid = ch;  // decrement the character freq to make  // it even and consider current character  // again  count[ch--]--;  }  // if the current character freq is even  else  {  // If count is n(an even number) push  // n/2 characters to beg string and rest  // n/2 characters will form part of end  // string  for (int i = 0; i < count[ch]/2 ; i++)  beg.push_back(ch);  }  }  // end will be reverse of beg  end = beg;  reverse(end.begin() end.end());  // return palindrome string  return beg + mid + end; } // Driver code int main() {  string str = 'abbaccd';  cout << findLongestPalindrome(str);  return 0; } 
Java
// Java program to find the longest palindrome by removing // or shuffling characters from the given string class GFG { // Function to find the longest palindrome by removing // or shuffling characters from the given string  static String findLongestPalindrome(String str) {  // to stores freq of characters in a string  int count[] = new int[256];  // find freq of characters in the input string  for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {  count[str.charAt(i)]++;  }  // Any palindromic string consists of three parts  // beg + mid + end  String beg = '' mid = '' end = '';  // solution assumes only lowercase characters are  // present in string. We can easily extend this  // to consider any set of characters  for (char ch = 'a'; ch <= 'z'; ch++) {  // if the current character freq is odd  if (count[ch] % 2 == 1) {  // mid will contain only 1 character. It  // will be overridden with next character  // with odd freq  mid = String.valueOf(ch);  // decrement the character freq to make  // it even and consider current character  // again  count[ch--]--;  } // if the current character freq is even  else {  // If count is n(an even number) push  // n/2 characters to beg string and rest  // n/2 characters will form part of end  // string  for (int i = 0; i < count[ch] / 2; i++) {  beg += ch;  }  }  }  // end will be reverse of beg  end = beg;  end = reverse(end);  // return palindrome string  return beg + mid + end;  }  static String reverse(String str) {  // convert String to character array   // by using toCharArray   String ans = '';  char[] try1 = str.toCharArray();  for (int i = try1.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {  ans += try1[i];  }  return ans;  }  // Driver code  public static void main(String[] args) {  String str = 'abbaccd';  System.out.println(findLongestPalindrome(str));  } } // This code is contributed by PrinciRaj1992 
Python3
# Python3 program to find the longest palindrome by removing # or shuffling characters from the given string # Function to find the longest palindrome by removing # or shuffling characters from the given string def findLongestPalindrome(strr): # to stores freq of characters in a string count = [0]*256 # find freq of characters in the input string for i in range(len(strr)): count[ord(strr[i])] += 1 # Any palindromic consists of three parts # beg + mid + end beg = '' mid = '' end = '' # solution assumes only lowercase characters are # present in string. We can easily extend this # to consider any set of characters ch = ord('a') while ch <= ord('z'): # if the current character freq is odd if (count[ch] & 1): # mid will contain only 1 character. It # will be overridden with next character # with odd freq mid = ch # decrement the character freq to make # it even and consider current character # again count[ch] -= 1 ch -= 1 # if the current character freq is even else: # If count is n(an even number) push # n/2 characters to beg and rest # n/2 characters will form part of end # string for i in range(count[ch]//2): beg += chr(ch) ch += 1 # end will be reverse of beg end = beg end = end[::-1] # return palindrome string return beg + chr(mid) + end # Driver code strr = 'abbaccd' print(findLongestPalindrome(strr)) # This code is contributed by mohit kumar 29 
C#
// C# program to find the longest  // palindrome by removing or // shuffling characters from  // the given string using System; class GFG {  // Function to find the longest   // palindrome by removing or   // shuffling characters from   // the given string  static String findLongestPalindrome(String str)   {  // to stores freq of characters in a string  int []count = new int[256];  // find freq of characters   // in the input string  for (int i = 0; i < str.Length; i++)   {  count[str[i]]++;  }  // Any palindromic string consists of   // three parts beg + mid + end  String beg = '' mid = '' end = '';  // solution assumes only lowercase   // characters are present in string.  // We can easily extend this to   // consider any set of characters  for (char ch = 'a'; ch <= 'z'; ch++)     {  // if the current character freq is odd  if (count[ch] % 2 == 1)   {    // mid will contain only 1 character.   // It will be overridden with next   // character with odd freq  mid = String.Join(''ch);  // decrement the character freq to make  // it even and consider current   // character again  count[ch--]--;  }     // if the current character freq is even  else   {    // If count is n(an even number) push  // n/2 characters to beg string and rest  // n/2 characters will form part of end  // string  for (int i = 0; i < count[ch] / 2; i++)   {  beg += ch;  }  }  }  // end will be reverse of beg  end = beg;  end = reverse(end);  // return palindrome string  return beg + mid + end;  }  static String reverse(String str)   {  // convert String to character array   // by using toCharArray   String ans = '';  char[] try1 = str.ToCharArray();  for (int i = try1.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)   {  ans += try1[i];  }  return ans;  }  // Driver code  public static void Main()   {  String str = 'abbaccd';  Console.WriteLine(findLongestPalindrome(str));  } } // This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar 
JavaScript
<script> // Javascript program to find the  // longest palindrome by removing // or shuffling characters from  // the given string // Function to find the longest  // palindrome by removing // or shuffling characters from // the given string  function findLongestPalindrome(str)  {  // to stores freq of characters   // in a string  let count = new Array(256);  for(let i=0;i<256;i++)  {  count[i]=0;  }    // find freq of characters in   // the input string  for (let i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {  count[str[i].charCodeAt(0)]++;  }    // Any palindromic string consists  // of three parts  // beg + mid + end  let beg = '' mid = '' end = '';    // solution assumes only   // lowercase characters are  // present in string.   // We can easily extend this  // to consider any set of characters  for (let ch = 'a'.charCodeAt(0);   ch <= 'z'.charCodeAt(0); ch++) {  // if the current character freq is odd  if (count[ch] % 2 == 1) {  // mid will contain only 1 character. It  // will be overridden with next character  // with odd freq  mid = String.fromCharCode(ch);    // decrement the character freq to make  // it even and consider current character  // again  count[ch--]--;  } // if the current character freq is even  else {  // If count is n(an even number) push  // n/2 characters to beg string and rest  // n/2 characters will form part of end  // string  for (let i = 0; i < count[ch] / 2; i++)   {  beg += String.fromCharCode(ch);  }  }  }    // end will be reverse of beg  end = beg;  end = reverse(end);    // return palindrome string  return beg + mid + end;  }    function reverse(str)  {  // convert String to character array   // by using toCharArray   let ans = '';  let try1 = str.split('');    for (let i = try1.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {  ans += try1[i];  }  return ans;  }    // Driver code  let str = 'abbaccd';  document.write(findLongestPalindrome(str));    // This code is contributed by unknown2108   </script> 

Çıkış
abcdcba

Zaman karmaşıklığı Yukarıdaki çözüm O(n)'dir; burada n, dizenin uzunluğudur. Alfabedeki karakter sayısı sabit olduğundan asimptotik analize katkı sağlamazlar.
Yardımcı alan program tarafından kullanılan M'dir; burada M, ASCII karakter sayısıdır.